The exact burden of Chronic Kidney Disease in India is still undefined. India has a population of 125 crores and the approximate prevalence of CKD is 800 per million populations (pmp). An Indian population-based study estimated the incidence of End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) is 150-230 per million populations and about 220,000–275,000 new patients need RRT every year. It is estimated that approximately 75 thousand patients are on dialysis (65,000 on hemodialysis, 9,000 on CAPD and 600 on APD) and the dialysis population is growing at the rate of 10–20% annually. Do we have the resources and skill to handle this ever-increasing population of ESKD in India? India spends about 1 percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) on public health, compared to 3 percent in China and 8.3 percent in the United States. India's per capita income in Financial Year 2015 is Rs. 84,000 and 26% of Indian population lives below the poverty line (BPL) where the daily earning is Rs. 32. The government spends barely Rs.600 per capita on health, prioritizing on infectious disease, sanitation, nutrition etc. The average cost of dialysis to the patient across the country works out to be Rs 1200 per session, which truly is beyond the reach of more than 90% of the affected population. Looking at all these facts it is a challenge to cope with an ever-increasing ESKD population who require Renal Replacement therapy (RRT) in the form of Hemodialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis or Kidney Transplantation. Hence a sincere and serious attempt is necessary to bring down the cost of dialysis treatment.